Working at height is a routine part of many industries, but it also carries significant risk. While equipment like mobile elevated work platforms (MEWPs) provide safe access solutions for many tasks, ladders are still widely used on job sites for short-duration work. Because ladders are so common, it’s easy for workers to overlook basic safety practices — and that’s when accidents happen.
In this Smart Start Monday episode, Stefi walks through several essential ladder safety principles, including ladder inspection, correct setup using the four-to-one rule, securing extension ladders, and maintaining proper contact while climbing. Understanding these basics can dramatically reduce the risk of falls when working at height.
Why Ladder Safety Matters
According to many workplace safety reports, falls from ladders remain one of the leading causes of workplace injuries. What’s surprising is that many ladder accidents occur from relatively low heights. Often, the ladder itself is not the problem — it’s improper setup, failure to inspect the ladder, or poor climbing practices.
By taking a few moments to check a ladder before use and ensuring it is properly positioned and secured, workers can significantly reduce the risk of accidents.
Ladders Are Designed for Short Duration Work
Before even setting up a ladder, it’s important to understand its purpose. Ladders are designed primarily for short-duration tasks where quick access is needed. If a job requires extended work at height, heavy tools, or both hands for long periods, a more stable access solution may be more appropriate.
Using the correct equipment for the task is one of the most important steps in preventing falls and maintaining a safe work environment.
Inspect the Ladder Before Use
The safest ladder climb always starts with a proper inspection. Before stepping onto a ladder, workers should check it carefully for any signs of damage or wear.
Some key areas to inspect include:
- Side rails: Look for cracks, dents, or structural damage.
- Rungs or steps: Ensure they are straight, secure, and not bent.
- Bolts and fittings: Check that connections are tight and secure.
- Feet: Ladder feet should be intact and provide proper grip.
If any part of the ladder appears damaged or unstable, it should not be used. Instead, it should be removed from service and reported so it can be repaired or replaced.
Set the Ladder at the Correct Angle
Proper ladder positioning is one of the most important aspects of ladder safety.
When using an extension ladder, the correct setup follows the four-to-one rule. This means that for every four metres of vertical height, the ladder’s base should be positioned one metre away from the wall or supporting surface.
For example:
- If the ladder reaches 4 metres high, the base should be 1 metre out from the wall.
- If the ladder reaches 8 metres high, the base should be 2 metres out.
This angle ensures the ladder is stable and reduces the likelihood of it slipping or tipping.
Secure Extension Ladders Properly
Even when the ladder is set at the correct angle, it must still be secured. Extension ladders should always be secured either at the top or at the base.
Securing the ladder helps prevent movement during use, particularly when workers are climbing or shifting their weight.
Common ways to secure a ladder include:
- Tying the ladder off at the top to a fixed structure
- Stabilising the base to prevent sliding
- Using ladder stabilisers or anti-slip feet
Failing to secure a ladder can cause it to shift unexpectedly, which is one of the most common causes of ladder-related falls.
Maintain Three Points of Contact
When climbing or descending a ladder, maintaining stability is essential. A widely recommended safety rule is to keep three points of contact with the ladder at all times.
This typically means:
- Two hands and one foot, or
- Two feet and one hand
Maintaining three points of contact helps ensure balance and reduces the risk of slipping while climbing.
Safe Ladder Behaviour on Site
Beyond inspection and setup, there are a few general safety habits that workers should always follow when using ladders.
Some important reminders include:
- Always place ladders on firm, stable ground.
- Never overreach while on a ladder — reposition the ladder instead.
- Ensure ladders extend at least one metre above the landing point when accessing a roof or platform.
- Avoid carrying heavy tools while climbing.
These simple practices can make a significant difference in preventing workplace accidents.
A Safer Start to Every Workday
Ladders may seem like simple tools, but using them safely requires attention to detail and proper preparation. Taking the time to inspect the ladder, position it correctly, secure it properly, and follow safe climbing practices can prevent many workplace injuries.
As Stefi reminds us in Smart Start Monday, safety often comes down to small decisions made before the work even begins.